Greenhouse farming is a method of growing crops in a controlled, enclosed structure, often made of transparent or translucent materials, to protect them from harsh weather and pests. This controlled environment allows for year-round crop production, higher yields, and better quality produce by regulating temperature, humidity, and irrigation. Key features include protected structures, year-round production, efficient use of resources, and pest/disease control. Key characteristics and benefits
- Controlled environment: Greenhouses provide a protected space where farmers can regulate temperature, light, humidity, and irrigation, leading to an optimized growing environment.
- Year-round production: Crops are not limited by seasons, as the structure shields them from frost, extreme heat, and storms, allowing for consistent harvesting and a stable income.
- Protection from pests and disease: The enclosed nature of a greenhouse significantly reduces pest attacks and the spread of diseases, which can result in higher crop survival rates and a lower need for pesticides.
- Higher yields: Plants grow in optimized conditions, leading to faster growth and higher productivity, often resulting in yields that are 2–3 times greater than those in open fields.
- Efficient resource use: Greenhouse farming can use space more efficiently and often incorporates technologies like drip irrigation and soilless growing methods to save water, fertilizer, and labor.
- Suitable for high-value crops: This method is particularly effective for cultivating high-value crops like peppers, cucumbers, and tomatoes, which can be sensitive to environmental changes.Â